Level 3 · Plumbing revision

Sanitation & Drainage revision notes

Sanitary pipework design and ventilation, discharge-pipe and stack sizing, pumped and macerator systems, soundness testing and fault diagnosis.

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Designing Stacks, Branches and Vents

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Designing Stacks, Branches and Vents

How branch positions, stub stacks, vents and air admittance valves keep trap seals intact in above-ground sanitary pipework.

Sizing Branches, Stacks and Drains

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Sizing Branches, Stacks and Drains

Branch limits, stack capacities, discharge-unit flow estimates and drain gradients used to size foul drainage.

Pumped, Macerator and Flood-Protected Drainage

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Pumped, Macerator and Flood-Protected Drainage

When pumping or macerators are acceptable, how their discharge pipes are laid out and how basements are protected from sewer surcharge.

Testing, Access and Fault Diagnosis

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Testing, Access and Fault Diagnosis

Air, water and performance tests for drainage, access provision for rodding, and how to read seal loss and odour symptoms.

Design the waste side, then prove it works

Level 3 sanitation questions ask you to justify a layout: which appliances can share a branch, where ventilation is needed, and what size and fall each pipe needs. Start from the trap seal you are protecting and work outwards to the stack and drain.

Revise the Level 2 drainage notes first if traps, stacks or falls are unfamiliar, and use the drainage fall calculator to check a gradient over a given run.

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