Solid-fuel and biomass safety basics

Core idea

Solid-fuel appliances need a reliable combustion-air supply and a suitable flue to discharge products safely. Fuel type and moisture affect combustion and deposits. The appliance, hearth, surrounding construction, chimney, terminal and room ventilation operate as one safety system.

What to recognise

• Use only fuels and operating methods permitted by the appliance instructions.
• Keep permanent combustion ventilation clear and account for extract fans or other depressurisation.
• Provide a suitable hearth and clearances from combustible material.
• Inspect and maintain the chimney or flue and remove deposits at the required intervals.
• Provide and maintain carbon monoxide warning where required, without treating it as a substitute for safe installation.

Apply it

Poor ignition, smoke entry, staining or repeated alarm activation requires the appliance to be stopped and investigated. Check fuel, air supply, flue condition, room pressure effects and maintenance history. Do not simply open a window and continue normal use.

Keep the boundary clear

Products of combustion can cause fatal poisoning. Anyone with possible symptoms should get into fresh air and seek medical advice. Installation and servicing may require specialist competence and notification. Never connect an appliance to an unverified chimney or alter ventilation to cure a draught complaint.