A systematic approach to common stored hot water defects and how to reason from symptom to cause.
Reasoning from symptom to cause
Confirm the symptom, take the relevant measurements and use the manufacturer’s fault procedure to distinguish possible causes before selecting a repair. For component work, follow the specified isolation, cooling, depressurising and draining sequence. An overheating emergency needs its own response: on the unvented models considered here, T&P discharge calls for switching off heat input while leaving the water supply and relief route available, then obtaining competent help.
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